Smoke-consumer



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. A. CRAWFORD.

SMOKE CONSUMER Patented July 13, 1 897.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. A. CRAWFORD.

SMOKE CONSUMER. No. 586,477. Patented July 13, 1897.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. J. A. CRAWFORD.

SMOKE CONSUMER.

No. 586,477. Patented July 13, 1897.

ya v 0 f y UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN A. CRAXVFORD, OF ALLEGHENY, PENNSYLVANIA.

SMOKE-CONSUMER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 586,477, dated July 13, 1897.

Application filed April 24, l 8 9 7.

T aZZ whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, J OHN A. CRAWFORD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Allegheny, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means for Consuming Smoke; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, an d exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to smoke-consumers for steam-boiler and other furnaces, and is an improvement on Letters Patent granted to me, No. 540,780, bearing date June 11, 1895; and the object of the invention is to take partially-heated air from the ash-pit and more intensely-heated air from a casing in the bridge-wall, said casing also taking the partially-heated air from the ash-pit, no outside or cold air being inducted into the casing in the bridge-wall or in the pipes, except from the ash-pit, said partially-heated or superheated air, as the case may be, is takenthrough pipes, preferably crooked pipes, by a steamjet at a suitable point, inducting above the grate-bars at the lower edge of the fire (in the firebox) the gases or fire, as it may be, and distributing the same above the coal or on top of the coal, at the point of combustion igniting instantly thus preventing smoke entirely by instantaneous combustion.

The invention consists in the combination and arrangement of the several parts, as will be hereinafter more in detail described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying dra r ings; to which reference is had and which fully illustrate my invention, Figure 1. is a front elevation, partly broken aw. y, to show the fines or pipes in front of the furnace. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the same, showing vertical flues or pipes in the side walls of the furnace. Fig. is a longitudinal vertical section. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal horizontal section cut through the flues for superheating the air. Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of one of the pipes on side of furnace for conducting the air and gas to the point of combustion. Fig. 5 is a Serial No. 633,565. (No model.)

detail of valve on bottom of pipe. Fig. 6 is a similar view of the pipes used in front of the furnace. Fig. 7 is a detail of one of the short pipes used when an obstruction is met. Fig. 8 is an enlarged sectional View of the valve for controlling steam-jets. Fig. 9 is an enlarged detail section of the iron casing through bridge-wall, showing valve for controlling hot-air flues.

A designates the front wall of the furnace, and B the side walls of the same.

0 designates the face-plate, secured to the front wall of the furnace. p

D designates a pipe or flue formed in the bridge-wall and extending nearly or entirely, around the furnace-chamber.

E E designate the fire-doors, and F F those of the ash pit, formed, respectively, in the front wall and face-plate of the furnace.

G designates a steam-pipe connected with a steam-dome H by means of the right-angular branch pipe I, having a branch pipe G running across the front of the furnace and supplying steam to the steam-jets in front of the furnace.

The two branch pipesG are for supplying steam to steam-jets in side flues of the furnace.

J designates a boiler having connected to its upper portiona smoke-stack J. This boiler is fitted in a semicircular opening formed longitudinally in a baffle-wall in the interior of the furnace.

K designates hot-air pipes arranged Vertically in the fines. In the front wall of the furnace, intersecting at the top and arranged transversely thereto in a slightly-angular position, is a short pipe K its downward end being directed within the furnace, this pipe being also shown detached in Fig. 7 of the drawings. The opposite end of the pipe K is -turned or curved, forming a short pipe K and is directed inwardly to the ash-pit directly below the grate-bars L, as shown more clearly in Fig. 6 of the drawings. Near the lower end of the pipe K and formed thereonis another short pipe K arranged at right angles to K and directed in the same direction as pipe K the object of this pipe being to conduct the gases in the heated air upwardly in the pipe K, where they are mixed and commingled with the steam in the angular short pipe K heretofore described. This pipe K is provided with an opening 10, which leads to a casing or chamber D, surrounding or nearly surrounding the fire-chamber, which receives the superheated air from the channel D in the bridge-wall M, as desired.

N designates one or more needle-valves which are applied to the short angular steampipes K by which the steam, air, and gases are forced andcontrolled in said pipes, any number of the needle-valves 0r steam-jets being used to suit circumstances.

0 designates hot-air pipes used for a similar purpose as those located in the front wall of the furnace, these pipes being somewhat longer and located in the side walls of said furnace. These latter pipes have their upper ends turned to form short pipes 0, and are arranged slightly angular in respect to the pipes O, and are directed inwardly into the furnace-chamber, as clearly shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. Intersecting these pipes and forming a part thereof are short pipes O, which are arranged at right angles to the pipes 0, these pipes 0 having for their object to take in the gases which are mixed with the hot air drawn from the ash-pit upwardly through the hot-air pipes 0, where it is thoroughly mixed with the hot air and steam before passing out of the short angular extension-pipe 0 of the hot-air pipe 0. Located in the lower end of the pipe 0 is a valve P, and projected centrally through the same is another needle-valve P, the former being controlled and operated by a rod 19 and the latter by a rod 19, the valve P regulating the partially-heated air from the ashpit and the valve P regulating the steam where they are mixed in the ascent through the hot-air pipes O and into the furnace-chamber.

In the pipe or flue D, located in the bridgewall of the furnace, is a steam-jet Q, which, in dotted lines in Fig. 4, is connected to the steam-pipe by a branch pipe Q to the steampipe G; also, in this pipe or flue D is located a balance-valve R for closing the superheating-chamber when it is desired to take the partially-heated air directly from the ash-pit, a short channel 61 connecting the pipe or fine D with the ash-pit.

The operation is as follows: When the furnace is started, the partially-heated air is drawn from the ash-pit and the gas, 850., from above the fire-chamber, and by means of the steam-jets causing a suction, thus drawing the air and gas through the fines and discharging them above the fire-box after being thoroughly mixed, thereby insuring perfect combustion. In the fines in the front wall the steam draws the partially-heatedair from the ash-pit and the gases and fire, as it were, from immediately above the grate-bars and distributes it on top of the coal at the point of combustion. When it is desired to use superheated air instead of using partiallyheated air directly from the ash-pit, the airvalves P on the vertical fines or pipes are closed and the valve on the steam-jet Q is turned on, thus forcing open the balance- Valve R and drawing the air from the ash-pit through the channel d into the superheatiugpipe D in the bridge-wall H around the sides and front of the furnace, where it is drawn intothe openings k and 0 in the vertical fiues or pipes K and O and mixed with the gas in the fire-chamber, where combustion is immediately created, and the smoke is thus entirely consumed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a steam-boiler furnace, the combination with the walls of the furnace, the ashpit, the fire-chamber, grate-bars, baffle-walls and boiler thereof, of a series of flues or channels formed upon the inside of the fire-front in the front or long wall; hot-air pipes located in the air-chamber in the front wall and having branch pipes at the upper and near the lower end of the hot-air pipes, the lower branches being located above the grate-bars,

and adjustable needle-valves or steam-jets located in the upper end of the hot-air pipes, said jets siphoning the air and gases through to the point of combustion, substantially set forth.

2. In a steam-boiler furnace, the combina tion with the front and side walls having fines or channels therein of hot-air pipes located in said channels of the side walls and having the upper inclined branch and the lower rightangular branch pipes projecting therefrom,

adjustable needle and oscillating valves 10- front of the furnace and vertical and horizgntal portiops of the same connecting with the domebf the iler, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof iaffix my signature in presence of two witnesses:,

JOHN A. CRAWFORD.

Witnesses:

WVILLIAM G. GRIFFIN,

IVM. C. BOND. 

